LAUSR

Aiming to addressing the nonrepetitive uncertainties of multiagent systems, this work proposes a discrete-time-distributed adaptive iterative learning control (DDAILC) scheme for an output consensus problem, where two fundamental requirements in the traditional distributed iterative learning control (ILC) methods, i.e., the identical initial states and the repetitive desired trajectories, are removed. Furthermore, the algorithm design and analysis are directly aimed at discrete-time nonlinear multiagent systems, rather than continuous-time ones, to meet the needs of practical implementations. The iteration-varying trajectory of the virtual leader is included in the learning control protocol for a compensation. The adaptive parameter-updating law works along the iteration dimension by using a general consensus error that contains the output data of adjacent agents. To ensure the estimation of the control gain to be nonzero, a semisaturator is utilized in the parameter-updating law. The convergence of the output consensus is shown rigorously. Both numerical and practical examples are used to test the theoretical results. Moreover, the DDAILC efficiently improves performance of the building heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system by utilizing both the distributed topology and the repetitive dynamic characteristic.