LAUSR

Background and Aims Numerous descriptions have been made of the wines produced in the past, however, the grapevine genotypes have been poorly recorded. Naming errors are also common, a problem that could negatively impact scientific work and cause economic damage to wine markets. The aim of the present work was to compare the accessions from Galicia and Asturias held in the Mision Biologica de Galicia‐Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and El Encin‐Instituto Madrileno de Investigacion y Desarrollo Rural, Agrario y Alimentario collections in Spain in order to resolve synonyms, homonyms and naming errors in both. Materials and Methods The accessions of these collections were compared in terms of their leaf and bunch ampelographic characteristics, via simple sequence repeat analysis and via the examination of old photographs and other historic documentation. Results The two collections were found to hold 59 distinct genotypes from the two regions. Ten were unique to the Mision Biologica de Galicia‐Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas collection and four to the El Encin‐Instituto Madrileno de Investigacion y Desarrollo Rural, Agrario y Alimentario collection – rather fewer than expected. Traces of intra‐genotype variation were seen for some genotypes. Conclusions The comparison of the accessions allowed some problems of genotype identity and origin to be identified and resolved. The possible intra‐genotype variation detected should be examined in greater depth. The results also highlight the value of well documented live collections, gathered at different times and curated in different places, for this type of work, as well as in the conservation of world viticultural heritage. Significance of this Study These findings open up paths for future research on the material conserved, and its commercial exploitation.