Cytokines, mediators of the immune response, are involved in the regulation of female reproductive processes during the estrous cycle and pregnancy. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of… Click to show full abstract
Cytokines, mediators of the immune response, are involved in the regulation of female reproductive processes during the estrous cycle and pregnancy. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of selected peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) ligands on the expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) and selected cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)‐1β, ‐4, ‐6, ‐8, ‐10, and the leukemia inhibitory factor, in the porcine endometrium on days 10‐12 and 14‐16 of the estrous cycle (mid‐ and late luteal phase, respectively) or pregnancy (maternal recognition of pregnancy and beginning of implantation, respectively).
               
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