LAUSR

Autoimmune oophoritis and reproductive failures The immune system plays a critical role in ovarian function. Systemic proinflammatory conditions can affect folliculogenesis. The ovary is a frequent target of autoimmune attacks. The presence of lymphocytic oophoritis and associationwith other autoimmune conditions and antiovarian antibodies are evidence of the autoimmune nature of ovarian failure. Ovarian autoimmunity can manifest as premature ovarian insufficiency, premature ovarian failure, diminished ovarian response, unexplained infertility and recurrent pregnancy loss. Several etiologies account for ovarian insufficiency, including genetic, toxic, infectious, metabolic and iatrogenic factors. Histologic examination of the ovaries in these patients shows a complete loss of ovarian follicles. This may represent the final stages of autoimmune disease. Diagnosis of autoimmune oophoritis includes a comprehensive evaluation including testing for the most common autoantibodies, including anti adrenal, anti-thyroid antibodies and anti-ovarian antibodies. Immunomodulatory treatments may be used together with hormonal support and vitrification to preserve ovarian function.