LAUSR

Tympanic membrane perforation (TMP) is a common disease in otology, and few acellular techniques have been reported for repairing this condition. Decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds have been used in organ reconstruction. This study on tissue engineering aimed to develop a tympanic membrane (TM) scaffold prepared using detergent immersion and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) as repair materials to reconstruct the TM.The general steps of the experiment can be seen in Figure 1.The synthetic ECM scaffold provides temporary physical support for the three-dimensional growth of cells during the tissue developmental stage. The scaffold stimulates cells to secrete their own ECM required for tissue regeneration. It was observed that the decellularized TM scaffold with BMSCs retained the original intact anatomical ECM structure, with no cell residue, as observed using scanning electron microscopy, and exhibited low immunogenicity. Therefore, we seeded the decellularized TM scaffold with BMSCs for recellularization. In vivo analysis showed that the recellularized TM patch had a natural ultrastructure and was suitable for the migration and proliferation of BMSCs. We prepared animal models of chronic TMP to verify whether the patch could repair chronic TMP. The auditory brainstem response (ABR) was evaluated. After recellularized TM patch repair, the auditory threshold was slightly higher than that of the normal TM, but the difference was not significant. The recellularized TM patch shows potential as a natural, ultrastructure biological material for TM reconstruction.