LAUSR

OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether abutment surface and surface bio-activation has an effect on soft tissue morphogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS 36 patients (36 implants) were included. Abutments were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=9): Smooth Surface - MAChined (MAC), Ultrathin Threaded Microsurface (UTM), MAC Plasma of Argon activated (Plasma MAC), UTM Plasma of Argon activated (Plasma UTM). After 2 months of healing, soft tissue samples were collected and prepared for histological analysis. The margin of the peri-implant mucosa (PM), the apical extension of the barrier epithelium (aJE), the apical location of the abutment (AM) were identified. Significances of differences among groups were tested by means of the Kruskal-Wallis test, and between pairs of results by means of the Mann-Whitney test. RESULTS The mean (SD) vertical dimension of the mucosa was 2.5mm (1.0), including a connective tissue portion (CTP) of 0.8mm (0.8) in the MAC group; 3.6mm (0.2) with a CTP of 1.6mm (0.4) in the Plasma-MAC group; 3.2mm (1.0), with a CPT of 0.5mm (0.6) in the UTM; 3.3mm (0.8), with a CPT of 0.9mm (0.7) in the Plasma-UTM group. Statistically significant differences were observed in the aJE-AM height and PM-aJE profile among the four experimental groups (P=0.042 and P=0.039, respectively). The Mann-Whitney test indicated differences between the Plasma-abutments and the untreated abutments both for PM-AM (p=0.025) and AjE-AM (p=0.021). The differences appeared more evident when the preoperative soft tissue thickness was ≤2mm. CONCLUSIONS Within its limits, the study demonstrated a favorable effect of the plasma treatment on the connective tissue portion tissues. Plasma MAC group highlighted the best performance. This behavior appeared strictly correlated to the soft tissue thickness.