LAUSR

Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation is a complex procedure that carries a significant risk of complications. Infections are among the most common of them. Several direct factors such as neutropenia, hypogammaglobulinemia, lymphopenia, mucosal barrier injury, and graft‐versus‐host disease have been shown to be associated with increased infectious risk post‐transplant. Apart from direct factors, there are also indirect transplant‐related factors that are the primary trigger to the formers' development. The most important of them are type of preparative regimen, graft source, donor type, graft‐versus‐host disease prophylaxis, and graft manipulation techniques. In this review, an attempt has been made to summarize the role of the transplant‐related factors in the development of infectious complications and provide evidence underlying the current concept of infectious disease prophylaxis in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation.