LAUSR

Thoracic endometriosis is the presence of endometrial tissue in the pleura, lung parenchyma and/or airways. It is an extremely rare occurence and is challenging to diagnose clinically due to variable clinical presentations. A high index of clinical suspicion and recognition of the association of the clinical symptoms with menstruation is important to establish a clinical diagnosis of pleural endometriosis. The definitive diagnosis requires tissue diagnosis, demonstrating the presence of endometrial tissue in pleura, either by cytological or histopathological examination. We present a rare case of pleural endometriosis in a young female, presenting with recurrent chest pain, which could be diagnosed on pleural fluid cytology. The present report highlights the significance of correlating the clinical history with the cytomorphological features to reach to an accurate diagnosis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.