LAUSR

AIM To evaluate whether the bioceramic materials Bio-C Pulpo (Bio-C, Angelus, Londrina, Brazil) and MTA Repair HP (MTA-HP, Angelus, Londrina, Brazil) induce fibroblast proliferation and release of interleukin-10 (IL-10), an anti-inflammatory cytokine, stimulating connective tissue remodelling. The tissue response of Bio-C and MTA-HP was compared with the White MTA (WMTA; Angelus, Londrina, Brazil) since studies have demonstrated that WMTA induces tissue repair. METHODOLOGY Bio-C, MTA-HP, and WMTA were inserted into polyethylene tubes and implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of Holtzman rats for 7, 15, 30 and 60 days. As a control group (CG), empty tubes were implanted subcutaneously. The number of fibroblasts (FB), Ki-67-, fibroblast growth factor-1- (FGF-1) and IL-10-immunolabelled cells, and collagen content in the capsules was obtained. The data were subjected to two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's test (P ≤ 0.05). RESULTS At 7 days, significant differences in the number of FB were not detected among Bio-C, MTA-HP and WMTA groups (P ˃ 0.05). The capsules of all groups exhibited a significant increase in the number of FB and content of collagen over time. From 7 to 60 days, a significant reduction in the number of FGF-1- and Ki-67-immunolabelled cells was seen in the capsules of all specimens. In all periods, no significant difference in the number of FGF-1-immunolabelled cells was detected between Bio-C and CG specimens. At 60 days, significant differences in the immunoexpression of FGF-1 were not observed among the groups. At 7 and 15 days, the highest immunoexpression for Ki-67 was present in Bio-C specimens while, after 30 and 60 days, no significant difference was observed among the bioceramic materials. At 7 days, few IL-10 immunolabelled cells were present in the capsules of all specimens whereas, at 60 days, a significant increase in the IL-10-immunostaining was present in all groups. At 60 days, the Bio-C, MTA-HP and WMTA groups showed a greater number of IL-10-immunolabelled cells than in the CG specimens (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Bio-C, MTA-HP and WMTA stimulate fibroblast proliferation, leading to formation of collagen-rich capsules. FGF-1 and IL-10 may mediate the remodelling of capsules around Bio-C, MTA-HP and WMTA bioceramic materials.