Titanium hypersensitivity is an uncommon but important challenge in patients requiring cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs). Reactions are difficult to predict, often mimic infection, and complicate timely diagnosis. Click to show full abstract
Titanium hypersensitivity is an uncommon but important challenge in patients requiring cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs). Reactions are difficult to predict, often mimic infection, and complicate timely diagnosis.
Keywords:
titanium;
cardiac implantable;
treatment options;
regulatory pathways;
pathways global;
options regulatory
Journal Title: Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
Year Published: 2025
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Journal Title: Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
Year Published: 2025
Link to full text (if available)
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recommendations!