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BACKGROUND Carboxytherapy is defined as intradermal and/or subcutaneous microinjections of sterile purified carbon dioxide into different parts of the body for therapeutic aims. The vasodilatation effect and intradermal collagen reorganization associated with carboxytherapy have advantages for aesthetic dermatology and cosmetology. OBJECTIVE In the current article, we have reviewed some of the most important indications of this modality in dermatology and aesthetic dermatology. METHOD Our review is a narrative one which has gathered some of the most important indications of carboxytherapy in dermatology and cosmetology. RESULTS Carboxytherapy has successfully been applied for some dermatologic and cosmetic conditions among which skin aging, cellulite, localized fat deposits, striae distensae, infraorbital hyperpigmentation, scar, lymphedema, androgenetic alopecia, alopecia areata, psoriasis, morphea, and vitiligo are the most important. CONCLUSION Carboxytherapy can be considered as a safe, minimally-invasive modality used for rejuvenation, restoration, and recondition of the skin.