Any type of radical thymectomy, open or thoracoscopic, always results in a skeletonized left innominate vein (LIV), which is highly expected to form adhesions to the posterior surface of the… Click to show full abstract
Any type of radical thymectomy, open or thoracoscopic, always results in a skeletonized left innominate vein (LIV), which is highly expected to form adhesions to the posterior surface of the sternum. Therefore, in case of future sternotomy, the LIV remains highly exposed to trauma.
               
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