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AIM This study aimed to explore the effect of organizational innovation climate on nurse innovation behavior and the mediating role of psychological empowerment. BACKGROUND Encouraging nurses to generate more innovative behaviors has become an important development direction for improving the quality of nursing services. METHOD We employed a self-report questionnaire to collect data in Jinan City, China. A total of 2018 valid surveys were obtained. Hierarchical multiple regression model analysis was conducted to test the study hypothesis. RESULT The mean values of innovation behavior and organizational innovation climate were 35.29 and 83.30, respectively. Psychological empowerment was found to have partially mediating effect on the relationship between organizational innovation climate and innovation behavior. CONCLUSION Organizational innovation climate has significant impact on innovation behavior, and it can indirectly affect innovation behavior via the mediating role of psychological empowerment. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT Nursing managers should enhance innovation climate through formal rules, procedures, and training activities. They can establish resource guarantee system, information sharing platform, and strengthen work autonomy for nurses to improve their psychological empowerment.