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This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons AttributionNonCommercialNoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is noncommercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of Vegetation Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Associationfor Vegetation Science. 1Department of Ecology and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway 2Center for Conservation and Sustainable Development, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Missouri, USA 3Departamento de Biología, Área de Botánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain 4Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBCUAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain 5Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA 6Tyson Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA 7Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Missouri, USA 8Departamento de Geología y Geoquímica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain 9Herbario Nacional de Bolivia, Universitario CotaCota, La Paz, Bolivia 10Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA