LAUSR

Individuals of the same species display remarkable variation in behavior, even in identical contexts. Increasing complexity in behavioral phenotypes brings with it an increase in individual variation in the manifestation of those phenotypes, and human behavior undoubtedly stands at the pinnacle of complexity. In this article, we discuss current knowledge of gene–environment interplay and how the complex interactions of genes, experiences, epigenetics, and developmental timing give rise to individual differences in behavior.