In the past 2 decades, in developed countries, spine procedures (surgical and percutaneous) had the highest absolute increase in case volume trend. The optimal approach to prevent and treat postoperative… Click to show full abstract
In the past 2 decades, in developed countries, spine procedures (surgical and percutaneous) had the highest absolute increase in case volume trend. The optimal approach to prevent and treat postoperative pain is continuously evolving. This systematic literature review presents evidence on safety and efficacy of pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapies to prevent and treat postoperative pain after lumbar spine procedures.
               
Click one of the above tabs to view related content.