LAUSR

Abstract. A nonorthogonal amplitude, phase, and frequency modulation (APFM) technique that can increase the transmission capacity of an optical wireless link based on white light-emitting diode (LED) is proposed. It is implemented by the simultaneous use of nonorthogonal frequency shift keying (FSK) and quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). A white LED-based wireless link using a 64-APFM scheme is constructed to experimentally verify the proposed technique, where the 64-APFM scheme is implemented by the combination of nonorthogonal 4-FSK and 16-QAM. Two more bits per symbol are transmitted using the proposed scheme with the same bandwidth of QAM. No intercarrier interference effect is observed at the 0.02-% frequency spacing (0.001 MHz) for the used RF carrier (5 MHz) because the correlation between the received 64-APFM signal and only one carrier at a time is accomplished with the help of digital signal processing. 6-Mbit/s (1-Msymbol/s) data are successfully transmitted through an optical wireless channel with a limited bandwidth of 1 MHz. This indicates that six bits per symbol can be transmitted using the proposed APFM technique at the same physical bandwidth as 16-QAM.