LAUSR

HIV HIV induces widespread immune dysfunction. Animal studies with simian immunodeficiency virus have suggested that early CD8+ T cell responses may reduce viral burden. Takata et al. examined a large cohort of HIV patients given antiretroviral therapy (ART). They evaluated T cell activation and HIV viral load over time, which allowed them to parse out immune function on the basis of acute stages of infection. CD8+ T cell responses were a little slow to ramp up, but activated CD8+ T cells present after ART initiation reduced the viral reservoir. Thus, targeting CD8+ T cells early in infection could lead to viral eradication. Sci. Transl. Med. 9 , eaag1809 (2017).