The formation and stability of surface-charged nanobubbles with fixed boundaries of substrate contact (so-called “pinning of contact lines”) was studied theoretically. Thermodynamic analysis showed that, for some sizes of nanobubbles,… Click to show full abstract
The formation and stability of surface-charged nanobubbles with fixed boundaries of substrate contact (so-called “pinning of contact lines”) was studied theoretically. Thermodynamic analysis showed that, for some sizes of nanobubbles, the Gibbs energy of the system goes through a minimum, which indicates the existence of equilibrium stable nanobubbles.
               
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