LAUSR

Background Vomiting and regurgitation are commonly encountered in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, but traditional paramedic suctioning techniques may be insufficient to manage severely soiled airways. A technique called Suction Assisted Laryngoscopy and Airway Decontamination (SALAD) has been developed to help clinicians manage these difficult airways. The only UK SALAD study (SATIATED) reported improved paramedic first-pass intubation success rate. This study has now been replicated in a different ambulance service. The primary research question was: Does paramedic first-pass intubation rate in North East Ambulance Service improve following training in SALAD? The secondary research question was: Does training in SALAD affect the time taken to intubate by paramedics? Methods A randomised controlled trial of SALAD was conducted using a modified airway manikin capable of vomiting to simulate a soiled airway. The intervention comprised SALAD training and the introduction of the DuCanto catheter for post-training attempts. Participants were randomised into two groups: A01A02B01 who made two pre-training intubation attempts and one post-training attempt, and A11B11B12, who made one pre-training and two post-training attempts. Data were collected on length of service, success rates, timings and techniques used. Results Paramedics (n=102 participants, n=99 completed the study) were recruited between August and December 2019. First-pass intubation success rates on the second attempts (A02versus B11) were 86% and 96% respectively; a non-significant improvement of 10% (95% CI 1–21%, p=0.09). Both groups intubated faster on third attempts compared to first attempts. A01 to B01 mean improvement 5 (SD 14) seconds, A11 to B12 mean improvement 9 (SD 15) seconds. There was no significant difference in improvement between groups (mean difference -4 seconds, 95% CI -11–3 seconds, p=0.22). Conclusions North East Ambulance Service paramedics demonstrated improved first-pass intubation success rates in a simulated soiled airway following SALAD training and improved time to intubation. This study supports the findings of the SATIATED study.