LAUSR

Background We aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics of secondary glaucoma related to cytomegalovirus (CMV)- and varicella zoster virus (VZV)-positive uveitis. Methods In this retrospective study, we enrolled patients with anterior uveitic secondary glaucoma. All the patients underwent aqueous and serum analyses for viral antibody through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Among the 60 included patients, 22 had CMV-negative Posner-Schlossman syndrome (CMV-negative PSS), 25 had CMV-positive PSS, and 13 had VZV-positive anterior uveitis secondary glaucoma (VZV-AUSG). We evaluated the following main indicators: age, disease duration, intraocular pressure (IOP), cup-to-disc ratio, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), corneal endothelial cell (CEC) count, ocular morphological changes, and medical treatments. Results We found that 53.2% (25/47) patients with PSS were CMV-positive. Patients with CMV-positive PSS had a larger cup-to-disc ratio ( p  = .043), lower CEC density ( p  = .017), more severe CEC loss ( p  < .001), and more iris depigmentation ( p  = .006) than CMV-negative PSS patients. Compared with patients with CMV-positive PSS, those with VZV-AUSG were older ( p  = .003), presented a higher IOP ( p  = .015), and had poorer BCVA ( p  < .001). Patients with CMV-positive PSS and VZV-AUSG all accepted ganciclovir treatment, and those with CMV-positive PSS used fewer antiglaucoma agents simultaneously compared with CMV-negative PSS ( p  = .005) and VZV-AUSG ( p  < .001). All three groups had a comparable proportion of patients requiring antiglaucoma surgery. Conclusions We observed some distinctive clinical features in CMV-positive PSS compared with CMV-negative PSS. Further, we found that patients with VZV-AUSG presented with a higher IOP and worse visual acuity, and required more antiglaucoma medication than those with CMV-positive PSS.