LAUSR

Background Postoperative ileus is one of the most common complications after diverting loop ileostomy closure. Some reports have investigated the risk factors for postoperative complications or ileus after ileostomy closure; however, these studies did not evaluate the index surgery sufficiently. In this study, we evaluated the risk factors, including the details of the index surgery, for ileus after diverting ileostomy closure. Methods This was a retrospective study of patients who underwent ileostomy closure following index surgery for rectal cancer. Patients who developed postoperative ileus [POI (+)] and patients who did not [POI (−)] after ileostomy closure were compared. Results Sixty-eight patients were evaluated and were divided into two groups: POI (+) (n = 11) and POI (−) (n = 57), and the groups were compared. There were no significant differences in the details of the index surgery, operative procedure, transanal total mesorectal excision, lateral lymph node dissection, operating time, or blood loss. The incidence of Clavien–Dindo grade ≥ III complications and adjuvant chemotherapy after index surgery were significantly higher in the POI (+) group. Conclusions The incidence of Clavien–Dindo grade ≥ III complications and adjuvant chemotherapy after index surgery may increase the risk of postoperative ileus after ileostomy closure.