LAUSR

Abstract Most conventional 3D time-lapse (or 4D) acquisitions are ocean-bottom cable (OBC) or ocean-bottom node (OBN) surveys, as these surveys are relatively easy to replicate compared to towed-streamer surveys. To attain high degrees of repeatability and survey replicability, dense periodic sampling has become the norm for 4D surveys and renders this technology expensive. Conventional towed-streamer acquisitions suffer from limited illumination of the subsurface due to narrow azimuth. Although, acquisition techniques such as multiazimuth, wide-azimuth, rich-azimuth acquisition, etc., have been developed to illuminate the subsurface from all possible angles, these techniques can be prohibitively expensive for densely sampled surveys. This leads to uneven sampling — i.e., dense receiver and coarse source sampling or vice versa — to make these acquisitions more affordable. Motivated by the design principles of compressive sensing (CS), we perform a numerical study in which we acquire economic, randomly sub...