LAUSR

Background Type 3c diabetes mellitus (T3cDM) is a subtype that develops following pancreatic diseases, such as pancreatitis, impairing both exocrine and endocrine functions. Its management is challenging owing to exocrine enzyme deficiencies. Although plants have long been used for diabetes treatment, research on their role in T3cDM, particularly in exocrine enzymes, remains limited. The exact mechanisms by which enzymes and hormones interact remain unclear. Thus, this study aims to explore the role of Orthosiphon stamineus (OS) in glucose regulation by exploring both pancreatic endocrine and exocrine functions in the T3cDM Wistar Bonn/Kobori (WBN/Kob) pancreatitis rat model. Methods This protocol describes a planned, single-blind, randomized, controlled study conducted on animals to determine the efficacy of OS in regulating exocrine and endocrine pancreatic functions in a pancreatitis-induced WBN/Kob rat model. The groups will consist of control and different treatment groups. The duration of treatment is one month. A glucose tolerance test will be conducted orally before and after OS treatment. Blood glucose and insulin levels will be collected at different time points. Exocrine enzymes (amylase, lipase, and trypsinogen) and endocrine hormones (insulin, glucagon, ghrelin, pancreatic polypeptide, and somatostatin) will be measured in the serum. Hemoglobin A1c and lipid-soluble vitamins will also be evaluated. Results This pre-clinical study aims to explore pancreatic endocrine hormones and exocrine functions in response to OS treatment in rats with T3cDM pancreatitis. Body weight, diarrhea, and any adverse effects will be assessed as the secondary outcomes. Statistical analysis will be conducted to determine the significance of differences between the two groups. Conclusion This study protocol examines the efficacy of OS in addressing both exocrine and endocrine pancreatic dysfunction, ultimately aiding in blood glucose regulation. The findings of this study may help improve the health strategies of T3cDM patients and enhance patient outcomes.