Since translation—which here includes both written and spoken modes—has often been considered incompatible with communicative language teaching and learning, translation studies must carefully find its place in university language programs.… Click to show full abstract
Since translation—which here includes both written and spoken modes—has often been considered incompatible with communicative language teaching and learning, translation studies must carefully find its place in university language programs. Translation’s unfortunate reputation as a means for second language (L2) acquisition stems from some of its earliest pedagogical implementations, which, particularly in the case of younger learners, consisted of:
               
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