LAUSR

Leishmaniasis continues to be a major health problem worldwide. The efficacy of reported vaccines is poor, and there is no safe and cost-effective treatment, partly because the mechanisms of the disease are not fully understood. RAU : PleasecheckwhethertheeditstothesentenceRecentstudieshaveshedlighton:::arecorrect; andamendifnecessary: ecent studi s ave s d light on he role of i terferon (IAU : PleasenotethattheabbreviationIFNhasbeenintroducedforinterferoninthesentenceRecentstudieshaveshedlighton::::Pleasecheckandcorrectifnecessary: FN)-inducible GTPases as regulat rs of immunity o infection. Farias Amorim and olleagues [1] describe differences in the transcriptome of blood cells isolated from patients infected with Leishmania braziliensis and healthy controls. They highlighted IFNγ and cytolytic transcriptional signatures characteristic for this cutaneous leishmaniasis. Their findings included overexpression of genes encoding guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs): GBP1, GBP2, GBP3, GBP4, GBP5, and GBP6 and the pseudogene GBP1P1. All detected GBPs except GBP2 were positively correlated with cell type abundance scores for monocytes and macrophage/ monocyte-like cells using the microenvironment cell population counter. However, the complexity of GBPs involvement in anti-Leishmania responses deserves additional attention.