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Determination of membrane protein orientation upon liposomal reconstitution down to the single vesicle level

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Abstract Reconstitution of membrane proteins into liposomal membranes represents a key technique in enabling functional analysis under well-defined conditions. In this review, we provide a brief introduction to selected methods… Click to show full abstract

Abstract Reconstitution of membrane proteins into liposomal membranes represents a key technique in enabling functional analysis under well-defined conditions. In this review, we provide a brief introduction to selected methods that have been developed to determine membrane protein orientation after reconstitution in liposomes, including approaches based on proteolytic digestion with proteases, site-specific labeling, fluorescence quenching and activity assays. In addition, we briefly highlight new strategies based on single vesicle analysis to address the problem of sample heterogeneity.

Keywords: reconstitution; protein orientation; membrane protein; membrane; single vesicle

Journal Title: Biological Chemistry
Year Published: 2023

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