LAUSR

Soybean residues were pretreated with 6% of HCl and NaOH, respectively, and then nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) was prepared using the high pressure homogenization method. The effects of different pretreatment methods on the structure, properties, and NFC preparation of soybean residues were studied. Analysis of the X-ray diffraction, specific surface area, porosity, and thermal stability showed that pre-treatment of the soybean residues allowed the basic crystallinity to be maintained. Specific surface area, porosity, and thermal stability increased. Acid treatment led to the greatest increases. The soybean residues were treated with 6% hydrochloric acid at 80 °C for 1 h, and homogenized 15 times under a pressure of 60 MPa to obtain NFC.