LAUSR

BACKGROUND Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) THRIL targets microRNA (miR)-34a and miR-125b to modify immunity, inflammation, and respiratory injury. The current study aimed to determine the inter-correlation of lncRNA THRIL with miR-34a and miR-125b and their relationship with childhood asthma risk, severity, and inflammation. METHODS Exacerbated asthma children (N=65), remissive asthma children (N=65), and healthy controls (N=65) were enrolled in this case-control study. LncRNA THRIL, miR-34a, and miR-125b in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, as well as inflammatory cytokines in serum, were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. RESULTS LncRNA THRIL was highest in exacerbated asthma children, then in remissive asthma children, and lowest in healthy controls (P<0.001); reversely, miR-34a (P<0.001) and miR-125b (P=0.004) exhibited the opposite treads. LncRNA THRIL (area under curve (AUC)=0.686) and miR-34a (AUC=0.614) could predict exacerbation risk of asthma, while miR-125b failed. Interestingly, lncRNA THRIL was negatively related to miR-34a and miR-125b in exacerbated asthma children and remissive asthma children (all P<0.05) but not in healthy controls (both P>0.05). Specifically, in exacerbated asthma children: lncRNA THRIL is related to increased eosinophil count (P=0.013), immunoglobulin E (P=0.020), tumor necrosis factor-α (P=0.002), interleukin-1β (P=0.004), interleukin-6 (P=0.012), interleukin-17 (P=0.004) and exacerbated severity (P=0.030); Meanwhile, miR-34a and miR-125b linked with decreased levels of most of the above indexes (most P<0.05). CONCLUSION LncRNA THRIL negatively relates to miR-34a and miR-125b, correlate with inflammatory cytokines, and exacerbated the risk and severity of childhood asthma, indicating their potential as biomarkers for childhood asthma management.