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Salt stress and exogenous silicon influence physiological and anatomical features of in vitro-grown cape gooseberry

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EnglishSalt stress is one of several major abiotic stresses that affect plant growth and development, and there are many evidences that silicon can ameliorate the injuries caused by high salinity.… Click to show full abstract

EnglishSalt stress is one of several major abiotic stresses that affect plant growth and development, and there are many evidences that silicon can ameliorate the injuries caused by high salinity. This study presents the results of an assay concerning: (1) the effect of in vitro NaCl-induced salt stress in cape gooseberry plants and (2) the possible mitigating effect of silicon in saline conditions. For that, nodal segments were inoculated in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium under salinity (0.5 and 1.0% NaCl) with different silicic acid concentrations (0, 0.5 and 1.0g L-1). Phytotechnical characteristics, photosynthetic pigments content, and leaf anatomy were evaluated after 30 days. Shoot length, root length, number of leaves and buds, fresh and dry weight, pigment content, stomatal density and leaf blade thickness were drastically reduced by increased salt level. The supply of silicon (1.0g L-1) has successfully mitigated the effect of salinity at 0.5% NaCl for chlorophyll, carotenoids, stomatal density and leaf blade thickness. When salt stress was about 1.0%, Si was not effective anymore. In conclusion, we affirmed that, in in vitro conditions, salt stress is harmful for cape gooseberry plants and the addition of silicon showed effective in mitigating the saline effects of some features. Key words: Physalis peruviana L.; abiotic stress; salinity; pigments; anatomy. portuguesO estresse salino e um dos tipos de estresses abioticos mais severos que afetam o crescimento e desenvolvimento vegetal e existem muitas evidencias de que o silicio possa amenizar os danos causados pela elevada salinidade. Este estudo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa que investigou: (1) o efeito do estresse salino in vitro induzido por NaCl em plantas de fisalis e (2) o possivel efeito mitigador do silicio nas condicoes salinas. Para isso, segmentos nodais foram inoculados em meio de cultura Murashige e Skoog com dois niveis de salinidade (0,5 e 1,0% de NaCl) adicionado de acido silicico (0; 0,5 e 1,0g L-1). Caracteristicas fitotecnicas, conteudo de pigmentos fotossinteticos e anatomia foliar foram avaliados aos 30 dias. O comprimento da parte aerea e da raiz, numero de folhas e gemas, massa fresca e seca, conteudo de pigmentos, densidade estomatica e espessura do limbo foliar diminuiram drasticamente devido ao aumento do nivel de salinidade. A aplicacao de 1,0g L-1 silicio atenuou com sucesso os efeitos salinos para as variaveis conteudo de pigmentos e anatomia foliar quando a salinidade era de 0,5% NaCl. Ja quando o nivel de NaCl dobrou, o silicio nao se mostrou efetivo. Concluindo, pode-se afirmar que, em condicoes in vitro, o estresse salino e prejudicial a fisalis e a adicao de silicio mostra-se efetiva na mitigacao dos efeitos salinos em determinadas caracteristicas. Palavras-chave: Physalis peruviana L.; estresse abiotico; salinidade; pigmentos; anatomia.

Keywords: stress; cape gooseberry; salt stress; silicon

Journal Title: Ciencia Rural
Year Published: 2017

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