LAUSR

Bioactive compounds of the plant are often presented as minor secondary metabolites and are very diverse between species. The process for identifying bioactive compounds from the plant is not easy because of the limited availability, complex structures, low stability, mixture forms with different boiling points and polarity, and the large cost requirements for the selection of bioactive compounds (Mishra et al., 2008; Zhang et al., 2018). A lot of research has been carried out to find out the antidiabetic activity from plant species, and more than 800 plant species are known to have antidiabetic activity (Saad et al., 2017). Nevertheless, the research of plant species that have antidiabetic activity remains attractive, especially to find species that are effective and safe for diabetes prevention and treatment, given complaints of side effects and toxicities from consumption of the hypoglycemic drug used for long-term therapy (Derosa & Maffioli, 2012). The exploration of vegetables and spices for the prevention and treatment of degenerative diseases, including diabetes mellitus, is becoming an important research topic recently. The studies on antidiabetic, anti-hyperglycemic, and hypoglycemic potential of 30 commonly consumed fruits, vegetables, oils and spices were comprehensively reviewed (Beidokhti & Jäger, 2017). These botanicals exhibited their antidiabetic activities through several different mechanisms, especially by inducing insulin secretion in β-cells. Groups of compounds such as anthocyanins, flavonoids, and alkaloids were mentioned to be associated with the reported antidiabetic activity.