LAUSR

Natural reserves are of great environmental importance as well as being an economic and social resource, as their sites are distinguished as a unique geographical area, those with unique biodiversity, or other unique matters. Countries enact laws, regulations, and legislation regarding these nature reserves to protect them from deterioration, abuse, or over-exploitation of natural resources. From here began the research problem represented by the presence of weaknesses and gaps in the articles of the natural reserve system that negatively affected the management and safety of the reserves compared to regional laws and instructions. The descriptive approach was used in the current study. Accordingly, the most important laws and legislation of some neighbouring and regional countries of Iraq were reviewed, such as the Saudi Executive Regulations for the year 2020, Egyptian Law No. 102 of 1983, and the Jordanian System No. 29 of 2005, as well as Kurdistan Region Regulation No. 9 of 2011. The most important articles of each law and regulation mentioned above were reviewed. The basic subjects were developed for the purpose of comparison, such as requirements, standards, management of the reserve, prohibitions, and activities inside the reserve, as well as the issuance of special instructions for these laws and regulations. The findings show that the instructions for regional countries with sobriety and strength in legislation are stronger than the Iraqi nature reserves system. Also, the study mentioned the most important conditions, standards, and requirements for choosing a reserve.