LAUSR

Background The prognostic significance of peripheral immune status in patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC) remains unclear. Results From July 2013 through December 2014, 37 patients were enrolled. Among patients with 25 subsets of immune cells, patients in the high group of granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (Gr-MDSCs) showed significantly shorter progression-free survival (PFS) than those in the low group (3.98 vs. 8.78 months; hazards ratio (HR), 2.61; p = 0.01). In multivariate analysis, the high Gr-MDSCs value was also associated with shorter PFS (HR, 4.60; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.79−11.8; p = 0.001). Although significant difference was not found in univariate analysis, the high Gr-MDSCs group was associated with shorter overall survival (OS) (HR, 2.89; 95% CI, 1.23–6.80; p = 0.015) in multivariate analysis. Materials and Methods In this explorative prospective study, peripheral blood samples were collected from AGC patients before initiating first-line cisplatin-based chemotherapy (S-1 + cisplatin or S-1 + cisplatin + docetaxel). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were analyzed for 25 immune subsets by multicolor flow cytometry. PFS and OS were compared between the patients divided into high and low (≥ and < median, respectively) groups based on the median value for each immune cell subset. Conclusions The peripheral immune status of Gr-MDSCs appears to affect the prognosis in AGC. Further research is needed to confirm the clinical value of the level of circulating Gr-MDSCs as a prognostic and/or predictive marker in AGC.