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Primer reporte de la variabilidad genética del gato (Felis catus), con marcadores fenotípicos en Coveñas, Sucre

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espanolEl objetivo de esta investigacion fue determinar la variabilidad genetica de las poblaciones de gatos domesticos (Felis catus) utilizando genes que codifican la coloracion, el diseno y la longitud del… Click to show full abstract

espanolEl objetivo de esta investigacion fue determinar la variabilidad genetica de las poblaciones de gatos domesticos (Felis catus) utilizando genes que codifican la coloracion, el diseno y la longitud del pelaje en Covenas, Sucre, Colombia. Se realizaron muestreos aleatorios entre septiembre y diciembre de 2014, en 187 animales adultos presentes en cinco barrios de Covenas, donde se caracterizo fenotipicamente cada animal. La nomenclatura utilizada esta en concordancia con el Committee Standardized Genetic Nomenclature For Cats (1968), y atiende a los marcadores autosomicos de codificacion morfologica: el locus ligado al sexo Orange (O) y los loci autosomicos non-agouti (a), tabby blotched (Tb), dilution (d), long hair (l) spotting white (s) y dominant white (W). Se calcularon los parametros geneticos poblacionales: frecuencia alelica, diversidad genetica, flujo genico, equilibrio Hardy-Weinberg y distancia genetica, y se infirieron las relaciones filogeneticas entre las poblaciones de gatos. Se encontro que el marcador non-agouti fue el de mayor frecuencia, mientras los genes tabby blotched y dominant white presentaron los valores mas bajos. La mayor parte de la diversidad genetica se encontro dentro de las poblaciones (HS) y poca entre las poblaciones (DST) y un elevado flujo genico. Se observo un exceso de heterocigotos en la poblacion. No hubo equilibrio Hardy-Weinberg. Las poblaciones se encuentran muy relacionadas geneticamente. Ademas, se evidencio una posible seleccion natural y artificial del locus non-agouti. EnglishThis research aimed to determine genetic variability in domestic cat populations (Felis catus) using genes that codify the coloration, design and length of the coat in Covenas, Sucre, Colombia. Random samples were collected between September and December 2014 from 187 adult animals in five neighborhoods of Covenas, and each animal was characterized phenotypically. The nomenclature used in this research follows the Standardized Genetic Nomenclature for the Domestic Cat (1968), and examines the autosomal markers of morphological coding: the locus linked to sex Orange (O) and the autosomal loci Non-agouti (a), tabby blotched (Tb), dilution (d), long hair (l) spotting white (s) and dominant white (W). The genetic parameters of the population were calculated: allele frequency, genetic diversity, gene flow, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and genetic distance; and phylogenetic relationships among cat populations were inferred. It was found that the Non-agouti marker was the most frequent, while the tabby blotched and dominant white genes had the lowest values. Most genetic diversity was found within the studied populations (HS), with little diversity between populations (DST), and high gene flow was evidenced. An excess of heterozygotes was observed in the population. There was no Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Populations are genetically closely related. In addition, a possible natural and artificial selection of the Non-agouti locus was evidenced. portuguesO objetivo desta pesquisa foi determinar a variabilidade genetica das populacoes de gatos domesticos (Felis catus) utilizando genes que codificam a coloracao, o desenho e a longitude da pelagem em Covenas, Sucre, na Colombia. Realizaram-se amostras aleatorias entre setembro e dezembro de 2014, em 187 animais adultos presentes em cinco bairros de Covenas, onde se caracterizou fenotipicamente cada animal. A nomenclatura utilizada esta em concordância com o Committee Standardized Genetic Nomenclature For Cats (1968), e atende a os marcadores autossomicos de codificacao morfologica: o locus ligado a sexo Orange (O) e os loci autossomicos Non-agouti (a), tabby blotched (Tb), dilution (d), long hair (l) spotting white (s) e dominant white (W). Calcularam-se os parâmetros geneticos populacionais: frequencia alelica, diversidade genetica, fluxo genico, equilibrio Hardy-Weinberg e distância genetica, e se inferiram as relacoes filogeneticas entre as populacoes de gatos. Constatou-se que o marcador Non-agouti foi o de maior frequencia, e enquanto que os genes tabby blotched e dominant white apresentaram os valores mais baixos. A maior parte da diversidade genetica foi encontrada dentro das populacoes (HS) e pouca entre as populacoes (DST) e um elevado fluxo genico. Observouse um excesso de heterozigotos na populacao. Nao houve equilibrio Hardy-Weinberg. As populacoes encontram-se muito relacionadas geneticamente. Alem do mais, evidenciou- se uma possivel selecao natural e artificial do locus Non-agouti.

Keywords: tabby blotched; genetica; dominant white; felis catus; non agouti

Journal Title: Revue De Medecine Veterinaire
Year Published: 2017

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