LAUSR

The humid tropical climate was characterized by high rainfall and solar heat for most of the year, resulting in high rates of soil weathering, soil losses, cations leaching, and oxidation of soil organic matter. The aim of this research was to observe the changes of soil morphology and soil properties due to differences in soil management for 20 years. There were three types of soil management, Intensive Tillage (IT), Minimum Tillage (MT) and No or without tillage (NT). Basically, Minimum Tillage and No Tillage are the Conservation Tillage (CT). The results showed that the lower content of organic matter in the upper layer of IT had caused the soil color become lighter, which was characterized by higher chroma. Soil structure on the top layer of IT had changed from crumbs toward to the angular blocky. The topsoil on IT was more friable than two others, while the lower layer was more dense or compact. Generally, the chemical properties of CT were better than IT, and NT was slightly better than MT. Keywords: Intensive Tillage, Minimum Tillage, No-Tillage, Conservation Tillage