LAUSR

BACKGROUND Cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, particularly cardiometabolic, seem to be associated with heightened severity and increased morbimortality in patients infected by the novel Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). METHODS A thorough scoping review was performed to elucidate and aggregate the latest evidence concerning the impact of an adverse cardiometabolic profile towards severity, morbimortality, and prognosis of COVID-19 infection. RESULTS The pathophysiology of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is complex, being characterized by viral-induced immune dysregulation and hypercytokinaemia, particularly in patients with critical disease, evolving with profound endothelial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and prothrombotic state. Moreover, cardiovascular comorbidities such as diabetes are the most prevalent amongst individuals requiring hospitalization, raising concerns towards the clinical evolution and prognosis of these patients. The chronic proinflammatory state observed in patients with cardiovascular risk factors may contribute to the immune dysregulation mediated by SARS-CoV-2, favoring more adverse clinical outcomes and increased severity. Cardiometabolism is defined as combination of interrelated risk factors and metabolic dysfunctions such as dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, and central adiposity, which increases the likelihood of vascular events, being imperative to specifically analyze its clinical association with COVID-19 outcomes. CONCLUSION DM and obesity appears to be important risk factors for severe COVID-19. The chronic proinflammatory state observed in patients with excess visceral adipose tissue (VAT) possibly augments COVID-19 immune hyperactivity leading to more adverse clinical outcomes in these patients.