LAUSR

Modified electrodes have advanced from the initial studies that were aimed at understanding electron transfer in films to applications in such areas as energy production and analytical chemistry. This review emphasizes the major classes of modified electrodes with mediators that are being explored for improving analytical methodology. Chemically modified electrodes (CMEs) have been widely used to counter the problems of poor sensitivity and selectivity faced at bare electrodes. We have briefly reviewed the organometallic and organic mediators that have been extensively employed to engineer adapted electrode surfaces for detection of different compounds. Also, the characteristics of the materials that improve the electrocatalytic activity of the modified surfaces are discussed. Improvement and promotion of pragmatic CMEs has generated a diversity of novel and probable strong detection prospects for electroanalysis. While the capability for handling the chemical nature of the electrode/solution interface accurately and creatively grows, it is predictable that different mediators-based CMEs could be developed in electrocatalytic activity and completely new applications be advanced.