LAUSR

Background/Aim: This study aimed to assess the yield of an Oncomine comprehensive assay v3 (OCAv3)-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis for detecting anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1) fusions in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients and Methods: NGS data from 85 NSCLC cases were reviewed. ALK and ROS1 fusion status was compared to conventional tests. Results: ALK or ROS1 fusion reads were detected in 17 NSCLC cases. Results in 10 NSCLC cases showed concordance with conventional tests, high-count fusion reads, a lack of mutually exclusive mutations of ALK or ROS1, and frequent signet-ring cell component. Seven NSCLC cases showing discordant results exhibited low to intermediate fusion read counts and mutations mutually exclusive from ALK or ROS1. Conclusion: Cases showing high-count fusion reads in OCAv3-based NGS have a strong possibility of carrying ALK or ROS1 fusion. Cases with low- to intermediate-count fusion reads should be interpreted with caution and may require additional confirmative tests.