LAUSR

The review of the literature summarizes and analyzes the material on inflammatory processes accompanying cardiovascular complications in diabetes mellitus. The role of endothelial dysfunction is shown leading to an increase in the permeability of the endothelium, accumulation of lipoproteins in the vessel wall, their modification, formation and secretion of cell adhesion molecules, which in turn leads to involvement of monocytes and their differentiation into inflammatory macrophages. The role of scavenger receptors in the deposition of cholesterol and the formation of foam cells was noted. The mechanisms of the inflammatory process initiation and the formation of inflammasоmes are considered in detail. The scheme of transduction of proinflammatory signals in the cell and participation of the key factor NF-κB integrating all incoming information and controlling the transactivation of genes involved in inflammation are described. It is shown that inflammation is key process in the development of vascular diseases in diabetes mellitus, and the suppression of these processes inhibits the progression of the disease reducing arterial damage and contributing to their healing.