Protein ingestion increases the plasma insulin and glucagon responses, but the enteral factors involved are entirely unknown. We hypothesized that glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) signaling regulates glucose metabolism after protein… Click to show full abstract
Protein ingestion increases the plasma insulin and glucagon responses, but the enteral factors involved are entirely unknown. We hypothesized that glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) signaling regulates glucose metabolism after protein ingestion, and that this effect may be amplified after Roux-en Y gastric bypass (GB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG). We examined the glucose and islet-cell secretory responses to 50 g protein ingestion with and without GLP-1 receptor antagonist, exendin-(9-39) [Ex-9], in 4 GB-treated subjects, 4 SG-treated, and 4 non-operated controls (CN). The groups were matched for age, BMI, fat-free mass, fasting glucose and insulin, and HbA1c. The surgical groups also were matched for weight loss and time post-surgery; none had diabetes. Protein ingestion resulted in an early rise in glycemia (AUCGlucose 1hr) in GB and SG compared to CN (p Disclosure M. S. Rayas: Research Support; Self; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences. H. Honka: None. R. A. Defronzo: Other Relationship; Self; AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Intarcia Therapeutics, Inc., Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Novo Nordisk, Research Support; Self; AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Merck & Co., Inc., Speaker’s Bureau; Self; AstraZeneca, Novo Nordisk. A. Gastaldelli: Advisory Panel; Self; Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Consultant; Self; Eli Lilly and Company, Inventiva Pharma, Research Support; Self; Gilead Sciences, Inc., Speaker’s Bureau; Self; Novo Nordisk. M. Salehi: None. Funding National Institutes of Health (DK105379)
               
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