Dampers and shock absorbers consisting of vertical concentric elastic shells are considered. The external and internal shells are made of hard rubber, while the middle shell is made of soft… Click to show full abstract
Dampers and shock absorbers consisting of vertical concentric elastic shells are considered. The external and internal shells are made of hard rubber, while the middle shell is made of soft rubber. Independent action of the shells permits optimal loading and energy-efficient operation of the device.
               
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