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Migliorare l’aderenza al trattamento nelle dipendenze comportamentali attraverso un processo integrato tra motivazione al cambiamento e self-empowerment

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The obective of this study is to demonstrate that the self-empowerment process methodology is an essential targeted motivational work for the improvement of the client’s adherence – and therefore its… Click to show full abstract

The obective of this study is to demonstrate that the self-empowerment process methodology is an essential targeted motivational work for the improvement of the client’s adherence – and therefore its therapeutic efficacy - during treatment of behavioral addictions (e.g. compulsive mechanisms such as food in eating disorder and play in pathological gambling). Eating disorders and gambling are characterized, on a psychopathological level, by compulsive behavior in addiction to a condition of affective-relational ambivalence, induced by intrapsychic conflicts.  Both situations lead the affected person to live in an internal torment between two opposite alternatives. In this situation, the patients feel entrapped in a cage, obsessed on a fixed thought of eating or playing, and they often are unable to go out alone or, in case they decide to want to be helped and supported, they struggle to undertake treatment because they are afraid of the change or do not feel any intrinsic motivation. The hypothesis of the study considers motivational work as a useful and functional approach for compulsive addictions. It does not aim to change the patient or teach how to change, howerer, through a self-empowerment methodology, allows the person to accept their condition, becomes more aware of inconsistencies of his behaviour, and thus undertakes a functional treatment for well-being and health. The theoretical framework is based on Prochaska, Norcross and Di Clemente's transtheoretical model of change, according to which the motivational process of change occurs in six phases and change is seen as a wheel that has to be covered several times before success can be achieved. The goal of the work on motivation for treatment and empowerment will be an increase in patient compliance and a greater probability of success of the therapy. Keywords: behavioral addiction, self-empowerment, motivational work. Abstract in italiano Per migliorare l'aderenza del cliente al trattamento delle dipendenze comportamentali (ad es. meccanismi compulsivi come il cibo nel DCA e il gioco nel GAP) e quindi l'efficacia terapeutica, e necessario un lavoro motivazionale mirato, utilizzando la metodologia di auto-potenziamento. I disturbi alimentari e il gioco d'azzardo sono caratterizzati, a livello psicopatologico, da comportamento compulsivo e ambivalenza affettivo-relazionale, indotta da conflitti intrapsichici, che portano la persona a vivere un tormento interiore tra due alternative opposte. In questa situazione di ambivalenza si sentono in una gabbia ossessiva focalizzata su un pensiero fisso di mangiare o giocare e spesso non riescono a uscire da sole o, se decidono di voler essere aiutate e sostenute, lottano per avviare il trattamento perche hanno paura del cambiamento o non provano motivazione intrinseca. L’ipotesi dello studio concepisce il lavoro motivazionale come approccio utile e funzionale per le dipendenze, non per cambiare il paziente o insegnare come cambiare ma per permettergli, attraverso l’auto-potenziamento, di accettare la propria condizione, guardare le incongruenze del comportamento con consapevolezza, e intraprendere un trattamento funzionale per il benessere. Il quadro teorico e la teoria transteoretico al cambiamento di Prochaska, Norcross e Di Clemente, per la quale il processo motivazionale di cambiamento avviene in sei fasi da percorrere piu volte prima di poter arrivare al successo. L'obiettivo del lavoro sara l’aumento della compliance del paziente. Parole chiave: dipendenza comportamentale, self empowerment, lavoro motivazionale.

Keywords: change; methodology; cambiamento; self empowerment; dipendenze; del

Journal Title: Polymer Journal
Year Published: 2020

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