LAUSR

BACKGROUND Automatic segmentation of the pancreas and its tumor region is a prerequisite for computer-aided diagnosis. OBJECTIVE In this study, we focus on the segmentation of pancreatic cysts in abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan, which is challenging and has the clinical auxiliary diagnostic significance due to the variability of location and shape of pancreatic cysts. METHODS We propose a convolutional neural network architecture for segmentation of pancreatic cysts, which is called pyramid attention and pooling on convolutional neural network (PAPNet). In PAPNet, we propose a new atrous pyramid attention module to extract high-level features at different scales, and a spatial pyramid pooling module to fuse contextual spatial information, which effectively improves the segmentation performance. RESULTS The model was trained and tested using 1,346 CT slice images obtained from 107 patients with the pathologically confirmed pancreatic cancer. The mean dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and mean Jaccard index (JI) achieved using the 5-fold cross-validation method are 84.53% and 75.81%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed new method in this study enables to achieve effective results of pancreatic cyst segmentation.