LAUSR

The world’s oceans are experiencing significant increases in anthropogenic impacts. Historically, overfishing due to whaling (Ivashchenko & Clapham 2014) and commercial fishing (Murawski 2010) has depleted a wide variety of taxa. More recently, im pacts on the oceans are even broader, as human activities intensify and extend further offshore into deeper waters for fishing, shipping, and energy exploration and extraction (Ramirez-Llodra et al. 2011, Mengerink et al. 2014). For example, bottom trawling has now extended off the continental shelf into deep, oceanic waters, where it focuses on sea mounts. Trawling impacts not only the target species but also negatively impacts the benthic habitats upon which many species rely (Hiddink et al. 2011). New technologies have allowed energy exploration to expand into deeper waters and more remote areas (Copping et al. 2015). The global nature of today’s