Filamentous microalga Klebsormidium sp. has huge potential to become a natural and healthy additive in aquatic feed since it contains various bioactive nutrients, such as linoleic acid (LA), carotenoids, and… Click to show full abstract
Filamentous microalga Klebsormidium sp. has huge potential to become a natural and healthy additive in aquatic feed since it contains various bioactive nutrients, such as linoleic acid (LA), carotenoids, and chlorophylls. Therefore, an eight-week feeding experiment was performed to evaluate the effects of dietary Klebsormidium sp. on the growth performance, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory status, metabolism, and mid-intestine morphology of Litopenaeus vannamei. Two isonitrogenous and isolipid diets supplemented with and without 5% Klebsormidium sp. were prepared. Results showed that L. vannamei fed with Klebsormidium sp. had better growth performance and feed utilization by optimizing mid-intestine morphology and improving the carbohydrate metabolism. In addition, Klebsormidium sp. also enhanced the antioxidant capacity of L. vannamei by downregulating antioxidant parameters (hepatopancreas T-SOD, hepatopancreas GSH-PX, hemolymph T-SOD, hemolymph MDA) and RNA expression levels of antioxidant genes (gsh-px and cat). Furthermore, the supplementations of dietary Klebsormidium sp. significantly improved hepatopancreas health by downregulating RNA expression levels of pro-inflammatory related genes (relish and rho). Therefore, a dose of 5% Klebsormidium sp. is recommended for the daily diet of L. vannamei to improve the growth performance, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory status, metabolism, and mid-intestine morphology of shrimp.
               
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