LAUSR

A mathematical model was developed to predict the self-heating and self-ignition processes of relatively dry biomass during storage, considering in detail the effects of moisture exchange behaviour, low-temperature oxidation reaction and associated heat and mass transfer. Basket heating tests on fir pellets and powder at temperatures of 180–200 °C were conducted to observe the heating process and determine the kinetics of low-temperature chemical oxidation for model validation. As a result, it was demonstrated that the developed model could reasonably represent the self-heating and spontaneous combustion processes of biomass storage. Furthermore, the numerical study and model sensitivity analysis revealed that reasonably describing the low-temperature oxidation and associated heat and mass transfer process with reliable estimations of kinetic and thermophysical parameters of the biomass material is necessary for predicting the self-ignition, considering the effect of water exchange behaviour is essential to predict the self-heating process even for relatively dry biomass, such as pellets, with the moisture content up to 15–20%.