In this study, the fresh properties of ethylene–vinyl acetate (EVA)-modified cementitious mixtures were experimentally investigated to evaluate the feasibility of this type of material being used in additive construction by… Click to show full abstract
In this study, the fresh properties of ethylene–vinyl acetate (EVA)-modified cementitious mixtures were experimentally investigated to evaluate the feasibility of this type of material being used in additive construction by extrusion (ACE). The EVA/cement ratio was a main variable to determine the properties, including flowability, extrudability, buildability, and open time. According to the flow test results, the optimized flow of the EVA-modified cementitious mixtures was found to be 65% for buildability. This excellent flowability could be achieved because the flow increased as the EVA/cement ratio increased; conversely, the extrudability was slightly reduced when the EVA/cement ratio increased. However, if the flow of the EVA-modified cementitious mixtures was maintained at 65%, ACE could be achieved without significant issues. In addition, the height of the additive concrete walls created was not substantially reduced after printing of these mixtures, even though different EVA/cement ratios were applied. Plus, ACE can be operated longer with such mixtures because the open time becomes longer as the EVA/cement ratio increases. In summary, the results clearly demonstrated that EVA-modified cementitious mixtures were feasible for use as ACE materials.
               
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