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OBJECTIVE The aim: To investigate the features of cytokine profile of intraocular fluid in patients undergoing cataract phacoemulsification and the effect of their level on the nature and frequency of early and late postoperative complications from the retina. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and methods: The work involved 82 patients (82 eyes) with cataract during traditional phacoemulsification on the basis of Ophthalmology department of Poltava Regional Clinical Hospital. The intraocular fluid for the study, while performing phacoemulsification of the nucleus, was collected with a single insulin syringe through the paracentesis of the cornea in the volume of 0.3-0.4 ml for the examination of TNF-α and bFGF levels. RESULTS Results: It was found that the level of TNF-α intraocular fluid ranged from 1.11 pg / ml to 140.55 pg / ml; its average was 24.61 ± 5.43 pg / ml. When examining the level of bFGF in intraocular fluid, it ranged from 1.0 pg / ml to 12.54 pg / ml; its average was 3.33 ± 0.44 pg / ml. CONCLUSION Conclusions: Comparing the levels of the effect of TNF-α and bFGF of the intraocular fluid of patients with cataracts and morphological changes of the retina after phacoemulsification revealed a direct dependence of the level of these factors on the development of macular edema.