LAUSR

In this manuscript, we aim to derive a general dispersion relation applicable to a multi-component dusty plasma including massive negatively charged dust particles, both negative and positive ions, and electrons. Using the fluid treatment of plasma, we derive dispersion relations for dust ion-acoustic waves (DIAWs) and dust acoustic waves (DAWs) in self-gravitating dusty plasmas and collisional dusty plasmas by incorporating multiple species such as electrons, positive/negative ions, etc. Effects that arise in multicomponent dusty plasma due to negative ions are also discussed. The results obtained in this study are applicable in various space environments, such as cometary plasmas, astrophysical situations, planetary rings and interstellar medium.