LAUSR

Modified palm shell coal (MPSC) was prepared by using the mixture system of HNO3/H3PO4-Na2NO2 in order to produce adsorbents. The modification of palm shell coal was performed at different conditions including various reaction times and temperatures to find the optimal condition. The carboxyl content of MPSC was investigated by titration and FTIR. Moreover, the morphology of MPSC was studied by SEM. The results revealed that carboxyl content increased with an increase of the reaction time and temperature. The best condition was the reaction at 50°C for 60 hours, which showed the carboxyl content of 4.03 mmol/g. The maximum capacity of methylene blue adsorption increased from 0.86 mg/g to 106.38 mg/g after the modification. The methylene blue adsorption was fitted well to Langmuir isotherm.